![]() Biosynthesized nanoparticles were examined by TEM, the average sizes of microbial AgO and TiO 2 nanoparticles were 30 nm and 70 nm, respectively, and the average sizes of plant mediated AgO and TiO 2 NPs were 52 nm and 82 nm respectively. The MICs of microbially synthesized AgO and TiO 2 nanoparticles were 3 μg (67.2 μg/mL) and 9 μg (180 μg/mL) for isolates 5 and 27, respectively, indicating that biosynthetic nanoparticles via pomegranate of antibacterial activity at a higher MIC than microbial-mediated ones, it recorded (300 and 375 μg/ml, respectively) of AgO and TiO 2 nanoparticles for isolates 5 and 27. TiO 2 was the most potent antibacterial nanoparticle type, followed by AgO, while Fe3O4 showed the least efficacy against selected isolates. By evaluating the antibacterial activity of different nanoparticle types against selected MDR isolates, the results showed that global MDR bacterial growth was inhibited differently depending on the nanoparticle type. ![]() AgO, TiO2, ZnO, and Fe3O4 nanoparticles have been separately synthesized by microbial and plant-mediated biosynthesis. Substances (clear zone >10 mm) Its growth sensitivity to different types of nanoparticles was further evaluated by the agar well diffusion method. coli), Isolate 21 ( Enterococcus faecium), Isolate 27 ( Staphylococcus sciuri), and isolate 36 ( E. ![]() 15 beta-hemolytic 5 isolates exhibit strong multidrug resistance traits. The present study shows that among 98 bacterial isolates collected from laboratory fecal samples: 15 were beta-hemolytic and tested against 10 different antibiotics. Beta-hemolytic multidrug-resistant bacteria (MDR) are highly regarded as a major public health risk because they are resistant to at least 10 antibiotics in different groups with different mechanisms of action.
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